甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原荧光PCR检测卡

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甲型/乙型流感病毒抗原荧光PCR检测卡

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【公司名称】 广州健仑生物科技有限公司
【市场部】    杨永汉

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【腾讯  】 2042552662
【公司地址】 广州清华科技园创新基地番禺石楼镇创启路63号二期2幢101-103室

我国炭疽疫源地分布广泛，全国30多个省（市、自治区）都不同程度地有炭疽的发生和流行。据近年兽医公报统计（不*统计），我国动物炭疽疫情每年发生30次左右，发病动物可达数千头（只）。我国炭疽疫区主要集中在西北和东北地区，特别是新疆、青海、宁夏、内蒙和东三省多发。
近年来，我国炭疽流行呈稳中有升趋势，人炭疽传播来源均为感染发病的牲畜。2011-2012年，吉林、内蒙、新疆、辽宁、山东、江苏等地连续暴发14起动物炭疽，呈现多点同时暴发流行，并导致人感染发病。而山东、江苏地区在过去5年无炭疽疫情报道，疫情的暴发是通过未严格检测长途贩运疫区感染牛羊所引发。由于家畜炭疽疫情不能被及时发现和处置，加上监管措施不到位，导致感染动物随意流动，结果几乎都是发现人疑似炭疽病例后才追溯到动物炭疽。值得关注的是，我国现行的动物炭疽疫情监测技术体系仍不完善，所报告的动物炭疽病例数远远不能真实反映动物炭疽流行情况。因此动物炭疽的传播范围更广，传播速度更快，如不加强监测与防控，会造成更多新的疫源地，加重疫病的流行。
二、流行趋势
目前我国炭疽流行具有以下特点：（1）传染源仍以感染的牛羊等家畜为主，其主要症状为败血症；（2）疫情原发地区以牧区和半牧区为主转为以牧区为主；（3）疫情呈上升态势；（4）疫情跨区传播并时有多点暴发；（5）人炭疽传染来源均为感染的家畜，年均发病数约300人。
根据我国炭疽流行态势分析，可以预见，在今后较长时间内，炭疽仍将会对我国养殖业和公共卫生构成严重的持续威胁，炭疽自然疫源地和疫区的监控亟需相关部门高度重视。
三、存在的问题
目前我国炭疽疫情防控中存在诸多问题，主要包括：（1）炭疽自然疫源地和疫区的监控技术与措施不到位，动物炭疽流行病学资料缺乏，疫源地本底不清；（2）草场退化和过度放牧，加之雨水冲刷水土流失，加大了炭疽芽孢暴露风险；

Clostridium perfringens type C can produce both alpha and beta toxins and can cause enterotoxemia in newborn calves, foals, piglets and lambs, necrotic enteritis in poultry, acute enterotoxemia in adult sheep and Human necrotic enteritis and so on.
According to C-type Clostridium perfringens infected piglets after the course of the disease can be divided into: the most acute, acute, subacute and chronic four levels.
The most acute type: the symptoms are not easy to observe, occurred in piglets born 24 h, some sick piglets weak, stools were stained with blood loose stools, and soon entered a dying condition, a few do not show any symptoms on the sudden death.
Acute type: the most common clinical, sick pigs diarrhea, brown stool, and some tissue fragments, the duration of the general maintenance of 48 h, died after 36 h.
Subacute type: a lesser duration, the symptoms characterized by prolonged diarrhea, the disease early row of yellow droppings, then gradually become loose stools containing tissue fragments, duration of 5-7 d, the last death.
Chronic type: a longer course of illness, the case of intermittent diarrhea, good and bad times, discharge of yellow feces, getting thinner, and finally often due to stagnant growth and out, part of the death.
Clinical examination of the most common symptoms of intestinal disease, pathological changes in the most serious jejunum, intestinal contents of liquefaction, jejunum villi off necrosis, mesenteric and subserosal size of small bubbles, mesenteric lymph nodes, most were Red. Long duration of the disease to necrotizing enterocolitis as the main clinical symptoms, intestinal mucosa easy to peel, the intestine contains a large number of necrotic tissue fragments.
Clostridium perfringens type C not only infect pigs, but also in sheep, chickens, horses, rabbits and cattle and other animals. The bacteria present in the intestine of healthy animals, and Clostridium perfringens multiplies and grows once the flora in the intestine of the animal is out of control. The excreted feces contaminate the animal feed or the nipple. A large number of the bacteria will be with young animals suck milk or food contaminants into the young animals such as the body, invasion of intestinal villi and produce large amounts of toxins, the normal tissue damage to the intestine, toxin took the opportunity to enter, and then infringement of blood circulation with other Tissue organs.
Animal and human enterotoxemia and enteritis caused by C-type Clostridium perfringens in laboratory are similar to the clinical symptoms of naturally infected animals. The course of the disease can be divided into subacute, chronic and acute. The acute and subacute cases often show depression, severe abdominal pain and loose stools. Chronic cases occur mainly in adult animals, with clinical manifestations of dehydration and persistent diarrhea. Anthrax is a potent natural foci of zoonosis caused by Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax cases worldwide each year about 2 to 10 million. The disease occurs in Europe, Asia, Africa, the Americas and Oceania.